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ISN Webinar: Metabolic evaluation of patients with kidney stones

Kidney stones are common, causing significant morbidity for patients, have a high recurrence rate, and can lead to unfavourable outcomes like chronic kidney disease.

To prevent stone recurrence and associated complications, it is essential to recognize underlying metabolic disorders that are the cause of kidney stone formation.

This webinar is part the of ISN Kidney Stone Course, you can find all the other modules of this webinar on the ISN Academy. Find out the basics of the diagnostic approaches for identifying causes of kidney stone formation and the treatment of these causes in this webinar and course.  

Presentations:

• Why it is necessary and good for a nephrologist to treat patients with kidney stones (prof. Giovanni Gambaro, MD, PhD, FERA; Verona, Italy)
• Approach to kidney stone patients when full metabolic evaluation is available (David S. Goldfarb, MD; New York, USA)
• Approach to kidney stone patients when full metabolic evaluation is not available (David S. Goldfarb, MD; New York, USA)

Learning Objectives:

1. Recognize the burden that kidney stones present to the patients
2. Understand the causes of kidney stone formation
3. Understand the treatments aimed at preventing kidney stone formation”

Further Reading

1. EAU Guidelines on Urolithiasis 2022. Available on: https://uroweb.org/guidelines/urolithiasis 
2. Pearle MS, Goldfarb DS, Assimos DG et al: Medical management of kidney stones: AUA Guideline. J Urol 2014; 192: 316. 
3. Williams JC Jr, Gambaro G, Rodgers A, et al. Urine and stone analysis for the investigation of the renal stone former: a consensus conference. Urolithiasis. 2021 Feb;49(1):1-16. 
4. Hsi RS, Yan PL, Crivelli JJ, et al, Comparison of Selective vs Empiric Pharmacologic Preventive Therapy of Kidney Stone Recurrence With High-Risk Features. Urology. 2022 Feb 17;S0090-4295 (22)00140-6.
5. Goldfarb DS. Empiric therapy for kidney stones. Urolithiasis. 2019 Feb;47(1):107-113. 
6. Alelign T, Petros B. Kidney Stone Disease: An Update on Current Concepts. Adv Urol. 2018; 2018: 3068365. 
7. Harmouch SS, Abou-Haidar H, Elhawary H, et al. Metabolic evaluation guidelines in patients with nephrolithiasis: Are they being followed? Results of a national, multi-institutional, quality-assessment study. Can Urol Assoc J. 2018 Oct;12(10):313-318. 
8. Zhe M, Hang Z. Nephrolithiasis as a risk factor of chronic kidney disease: a meta-analysis of cohort studies with 4,770,691 participants. Urolithiasis. 2017 Oct;45(5):441-448. 
9. Liu Y, Li S, Zeng Z, et al. Kidney stones and cardiovascular risk: a meta-analysis of cohort studies. Am J Kidney Dis. 2014 Sep;64(3):402-10. 
10. Zisman AL. Effectiveness of Treatment Modalities on Kidney Stone Recurrence. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2017 Oct 6;12(10):1699-1708. 
11. Phillips R, Hanchanale VS, Myatt A, et al. Citrate salts for preventing and treating calcium containing kidney stones in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 Oct 6;(10):CD010057. 
12. Escribano J, Balaguer A, Pagone F, et al. Pharmacological interventions for preventing complications in idiopathic hypercalciuria. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009 Jan 21;2009(1):CD004754.  
13. Siener R. Nutrition and Kidney Stone Disease. Nutrients. 2021 Jun 3;13(6):1917. 
14. Lin BB, Lin ME, Huang RH, et al. Dietary and lifestyle factors for primary prevention of nephrolithiasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Nephrol. 2020 Jul 11;21(1):267.